Caesar: A Deductive Verifier for Probabilistic Programs

Abstract

Abstract is a deductive verifier for probabilistic programs. At its core lies , a quantitative intermediate verification language based on the real-valued logic . allows users to express a probabilistic program, its specifications, and proof rules in a programming-language style, so that new proof rules can be easily integrated into the verifier. translates programs into verification conditions, which are then checked using the Z3 SMT solver. It also includes a backend based on probabilistic model checking for a subset of . We report on the results of five years of development of , highlighting its main features and architecture. In particular, we describe recent improvements such as additional proof rules, a model-checking backend, and better diagnostics.